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    公开号:DK200900172U1
    申请号:DK200900172U
    申请日:2009-10-28
    公开日:2009-12-11
    发明作者:Neri-Badillo Eduardo Agustin
    申请人:Iusa Sa De Cv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    i iDK 2009 00172 U3
    Pre-payment system for electric energy meters with automatic device for energy interruption using contactless intelligent cards.
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a prepayment system for electric energy meters and, in particular, to a more efficient system for controlling the electric energy supply and to obtain unique information about the meter by using contactless intelligent cards.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The energy supply companies have traditionally read and debugged bills to claim payment for the utilities after they have been used by the consumer. Recently, the latest prepayment system techniques for providing public services such as light, water or gas, as a way of overcoming some of the drawbacks of traditional collection systems.
    A kind of prepayment system was set up in such a way that the acquisition of electricity (water or gas) is made directly at a central station and the information regarding the quantity purchased is communicated to the customer where the supply is consumed. At the consumer (local, business, home, etc.), a measuring device is installed and it receives the communicated information about the prepayment, and it also confirms the purchased quantity for the central station. The electricity metering device is typically installed outdoors at the business or home and a terminal that reads the prepayment information is placed near the meter or is connected by a cable or by the electric supply cables to the meter, which is instead located indoors. One disadvantage of these types of prepayment systems is that they are cumbersome to install and expensive. Another problem with this typical prepay system is that it does not provide two-way communication about the consumption information regarding the use of the user's balance, where or by which the balance is used and information about vandalism made against the meter.
    2 2GB 2009 00172 U3
    Another type of known prepayment system is also based on the acquisition of electricity supply directly from a previously determined point of sale, where the information regarding the purchased supply is stored on a magnetic card or in intelligent contact cards. This particular prepayment system requires the use of an electronic meter which includes a card reading device or magnetic key and a variety of additional controllers to handle the supply of electrical energy.
    Examples of prepayment systems of the above type are described in US Patent US 4,240,030 entitled "Intelligent Electric Utility Meter" issued to Jess R. Batermann et al. on December 16, 1960, which describes an intelligent meter using a magnetic card inserted to regulate the energy supply. US Patent US 4,629,874 entitled "Prepayment Metering System" issued December 16, 1980 discloses a system that uses an intelligent card and additional elements to determine the balance to regulate the energy supply. U.S. Patent US 4,731,575 entitled "Prepayment Metering System Using Encoded Purchase Cards" issued March 15, 1988 to Joseph W. Sloan discloses a system using coded magnetic strip cards to transfer the purchase information from the collection office to the consumer. US Patent US 4,795,892 "Pre-paid commodity system" issued January 3, 1989 to CIC Systems Inc. comprises a system utilizing a prepayment activated by a sales card for the supply of electricity, water, gas, etc. US Patent US 4,803,632 entitled "Intelligent Utility system" issued to Utility Systems Corp., February 7, 1989, the descriptor type with an external data processing meter, which has a display that uses reading equipment to connect and recreate information, and a charge card reading device included in the display located within the building. US Patent US 4,908,759 entitled "Commodity metering systems" issued to Schlumberger Electronics (UK) Ltd. March 13, 1990 describes a prepayment measurement system which includes an electronic key and a slot for receiving this electronic key. US Patent US 5,146,047 entitled "Prepayment metering system using encoded purchase cards from multiple locations" issued to 3DIC 2009 00172 U3 issued to CIC Systems, Inc. September 8, 1992 relates to a prepayment system for the provision of public services using magnetic stripe cards. US Patent US 5,668,538 entitled "Modular electricity meter arrangement having remotely controllable switch" issued to Siemens Measurements Ltd. September 16, 1997 discloses a metering device comprising a prepay module having a slot for inserting smart cards, memory cards, etc. U.S. Patent US 6,529,883 entitled "Prepayment energy metering system with two-way smart card communications" issued to David M. Yee et al. March 4, 2003 describes an energy prepayment system that uses intelligent cards to provide two-way data communication to send information from the consumer to the service provider.
    However, one disadvantage of this type of prepayment meters with magnetic card readers or intelligent contact cards lies in that since the reader must receive the prepaid cards, it becomes vulnerable to damage (intentional or unintentional) inflicted by the user or due to salty air or relatively high humidity . Another problem occurs when the card reader is connected to a cable to the meter, as this cable is also susceptible to damage. In order to integrate the reader into the meter, the meter must also undergo major physical changes that increase its volume and make it vulnerable to destruction by exposing part of it to the surrounding environment, regardless of making it incompatible with existing connectors on the meter. market such as S or A type connectors,
    Another type of prepayment system exists to manage the supply of electrical energy, which is the one that incorporates ways to disconnect the supply when the balance is exhausted. An example of such a system is disclosed in U.S. Patent US 5,959,549 entitled "Communal Metering System" issued to Andreas J. Synesiou et al. on September 28, 1999, which describes a metering system that supplies prepaid electricity to multiple consumers, with the supply and energy disconnected from a remote location. A disadvantage of this type of prepayment system for controlling electrical energy supply is that they require out-of-control 4DK 2009 00172 U3 controls for transmitting and receiving information (eg a modem) to and from the supply station, and which are also expensive. Another problem with this system is that it does not provide information about vandalism against the meter.
    In view of the disadvantages of the prior art, it is the object of the present invention to provide a prepayment system for effective control of the supply of electrical energy in electronic meters installed by the consumer.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for prepayment measurement of energy using a tightly closed meter and an intelligent contactless card.
    Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an energy prepayment measurement system which includes an automatic device for interrupting the energy supply.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for prepayment measurement of energy which, by using a contactless intelligent card, can provide information to the consumer about the consumption of the consumer, how the balance is used, where or what meter uses the balance and information about illegality or vandalism made against the meter.
    Brief Description of the Invention
    The present invention relates to the use of a meter which is fully integrated in one piece and which is completely covered and which has no contact with the environment, and which comprises a prepayment system for controlling the supply of electrical energy and for obtaining unique information from the meter using contactless intelligent cards.
    The prepayment system of the present invention comprises the management of contactless prepayment cards and to disconnect the power supply, and is responsible for detecting and validating a prepayment card as well as controlling the prepayment system and supply of energy to the meter. In a preferred embodiment, the control of the contactless prepaid card and the interruption of the power supply comprises a read / write part for contactless intelligent cards, a microcontroller, a zero-pass detector on the AC voltage supply, a control of interruption of the the power supply and a power source for this control board. The prepayment system of the present invention does not constantly search for contactless prepaid cards, as it will waste too much energy on a function that is performed only a few times, so the prepaid card search occurs only a few seconds every minute.
    Brief description of the drawing
    The features which are considered characteristic of the present invention are defined by the claims. Still, the invention itself, by virtue of its organization as well as its operational method, together with other objects and advantages, will be described in the following description of particular embodiments, which will be read in conjunction with the drawing in which like reference numerals identify identical elements, and where as
    FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram illustrating an energy prepayment measurement system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    FIG. 2 is a simplified box functional diagram of a prepayment system incorporated in an electronic meter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    FIG. 3 and 3A are flow charts useful for describing the use of the energy prepayment measurement system of FIG. 1 and 2.
    Detailed description of the invention
    The term "contactless card" used herein refers to the exchange of a command between the card and a read / write module without the use of galvanic connections (eg without ohmic contact between the read / write module and the integrated circuit in the card), where the command generated by the read / write module provides an energy which makes the integrated circuit of the card work, so that the communication and energy of these integrated circuits is provided by the treadless coupling. Therefore, the contactless card may be separated from a non-constant distance of a few millimeters up to several centimeters from the read / write module, and there will still be data transmission between them.
    The term intelligent card refers to a card that is similar in size to a plastic credit card with an integrated circuit (microprocessor, storage or dedicated circuit), and processing power to be used with great security in multiple applications.
    The term digital signature or digital key means a data sequence by which an encoded command can be decoded and vice versa.
    The term vandalism used in the present specification relates to activities made to change the consumption record of electrical energy consumed by the user of the meter.
    The term "decoupling" means the act where the electric energy meter is decoupled without interrupting the supply of electrical energy to the user, so that the meter cannot detect the user's energy consumption during the period the decoder is decoupled. The term "inversions" means that the mechanical position of the meter in the connector is changed for the purpose of debugging or reading less energy than is actually consumed. The term "leads" refers to a bridge with a small electrical resistance located externally to the meter for the purpose of not all power consumed by the user passing through the meter's sensors and therefore measuring less current than the user's actual consumption. These bridges are generally known as "bridges".
    The term "anti-collision" is an option among cards and is solved using the card's serial number, where only one is selected, which is specified in ISO 14443-3A, ISO 14443-4A.
    The present invention provides a prepayment system for measuring electrical energy with contactless data communication, wherein the electronic meter is fully integrated into a single part which is completely covered and without any contact with the surroundings. According to the preferred embodiment, the prepayment system for energy measurement reduces the installation cost to provide an integrated electronic meter which allows data communication to both the meter user and the energy supply company without using existing supply lines or communication transmission equipment via additional modems. According to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the contactless data communication is provided through a prepayment module with a contactless intelligent reader / writer integrated into the electronic meter, where the intelligent card directly transfers the prepaid balance data to the meter, receives and stores information on the meter's operation , as well as vandalism against the meter is transferred to a database of the energy supplier when the contactless intelligent card is refilled. The energy prepayment system enables prepayment of energy supply before actual consumption by using contactless intelligent cards. This contactless intelligent card is replenished at a point of sale or directly at the energy supplier's energy station.
    In the present invention, the consumer receives electricity from the generator station over supply lines directly to the consumer's meter, and it is not necessary to connect the meter to any communication terminal or to external equipment which may serve as a connection (e.g., infrared, a direct cable connection, an RF connection or communication through an AC connection) to control the electricity supply.
    FIG. 1 shows a simplified diagram of a prepayment system for measuring energy according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As seen in FIG. 1, the prepayment system for energy measurement preferably comprises terminals at the point of sale 20 which may be located in the central station and / or in connection with the supplier's collection offices. The terminals at point of sale 20 are provided with a read / write module for intelligent cards 23, which may be of conventional type for contactless cards, or may be specifically designed for the purpose. The terminal 30 at the point of sale 20 has a communication interface 27 to connect to a server 21 with a collection system which handles information on the customers' bills and information stored in the supplier's database 22. The communication at interface 8 8 2009 00172 U3 ceet 27 can f. eg. be done through a modem using the Internet or an intranet or dedicated connection. Database 22 also stores the amount of prepaid kilowatt hours purchased by the user and the consumption of kilowatt hours measured in meter life as well as vandalism. This information can be used for further analysis so that the energy supply company is informed of a possible loss and the reason for it.
    In order to provide secure communication as well as validate transmission reception of data between the terminal at point of sale 20 and server 21, the energy prepayment system will comprise a set of security modules 24 and 25, as shown in FIG. 1, which is installed both in the server and at the point of sale. The security modules 24 and 25 preferably provide functions for encrypting and decrypting the data transmission between the server 21 and the terminal at the point of sale 20, e.g. using digital keys by which data can be encrypted so that when data is transmitted from the point of sale to the server and vice versa, even when the transmission of data is intercepted, this data will not be deciphered if the decryption keys are not available. The transmitted data between the terminal at the point of sale 20 and the prepaid intelligent card 15 is encrypted by the security module 24 using digital keys loaded into the smart cards 15. The security module 24 also provides the security of data for transactions made by contactless intelligent cards 15 and The intelligent card read / write module 23. The contactless intelligent card 15 and the electronic meter 18 preferably also include encryption / decryption modules installed in their respective microcontrollers or integrated circuits (ICs) for particular use in prepayment systems to perform the exchange function. of encrypted information. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the electronic meter's encryption module is located in the microcontroller for controlling prepaid contactless cards and for interrupting the power supply or it may be located in the reader for the contactless intelligent cards.
    As soon as the electric power supply service is ordered or refurbished, the energy supply company installs an electronic meter with the prepayment system of the present invention in the home 19 user 9 and delivers a prepaid contactless intelligent card 15 which can be met with a certain amount of prepaid kilowatt hours at a point of sale 20. In a preferred embodiment, the prepaid contactless intelligent card 15 will be personalized with the information stored in the memory of the microcontroller, such as information about the meter number, contact number, last date of refilling the card, security keys [e.g. digital signatures as well as those specified in the Mifare © encryption system (in such a way that in the preferred embodiment, a key A is used to refill a certain amount of prepaid kilowatt hours and a key B) which can read and refuel a certain amount of prepaid kilowatt hours in an area of the card or a third encryption system DES, etc.], the amount of prepaid kilowatt hours, and the amount of prepaid kilowatt hours automatically transferred to the meter upon reading. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the memory in the microcontroller of the prepaid contactless card may provide access to and store information generated by the electrical meter regarding the user's energy consumption during the life of the meter and vandalism made against the meter.
    To begin the power supply, the user must place the contactless intelligent card 15 near the contactless electronic meter 18, the electronic meter read / write module will then validate the prepaid card 15 and will transfer all or part of the purchased prepaid kilowatt hours on the card. Whether or not the amount of prepaid purchased kilowatt hours in card 15 is transferred to or from the meter 18 is determined by a value stored in the card regarding the amount of prepaid kilowatt hours to be automatically transferred to the meter or whether the balance is less than this automatic transfer value. In the present invention, the term "amount of prepaid kilowatt hours to be automatically transferred" is a predetermined amount defined by the user or by the energy supply company. may be fifty, so that when the card is placed near the prepayment meter, 50 kW of watts will be transferred except when the remaining amount of prepaid kilowatt hours on the card is less than 50, in which case the remaining amount of prepaid 10 10K 2009 00172 U3 kilowatt hours will be transferred from the card to the meter. At the same time or after a transfer of prepaid kilowatt hours, the meter's contactless read / write module will load all the information generated by the electronic meter regarding the user's energy consumption during the meter's lifetime and vandalism against the meter to the contactless card. The electronic meter 18 will constantly display in the display information about the remaining balance of prepaid electrical energy, so that the user can visit a dealer location 20 in good time to refill the contactless intelligent card 15. The point of sale 20 accepts, reads and writes data using the supplier's program, to and from the prepaid smart card 15, which is specific to the electricity billing prepayment system. As mentioned, the card can be refilled at a point of sale 20, but also data collected by the card about the electronic meter, read out and sent to the database 22 for use by the energy supply company. The terminal at point of sale 20 accepts payments in either kroner (or any other currency type depending on the country) as well as in kilowatt hours, and it communicates this transaction to the vendor server 21 for storage in the database 22. The information stored in the prepaid smart card 15, however, so that the user can transfer prepaid kilowatt hours to meter 18, will be in the form of kilowatt hours. Therefore, the meter scare will display this prepayment information as kilowatt hours.
    FIG. Figure 2 shows a functional electronic measurement diagram simplified into blocks incorporating the contactless prepayment system for controlling the supply of electrical energy and gathering relevant information about the painter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The prepaid electronic energy meter 18 comprises an electrical energy meter card 9, a device 3 for controlling prepaid contactless cards and disconnecting the energy supply, a device for disconnecting the energy supply 1 and an antenna 14.
    The electrical energy measurement card 9 comprises an energy measuring module 10 which records the electrical energy consumed by the user, a microcontroller 11 which controls the operation of the energy measuring module 10 and which has a flash memory for storing the information about the prepaid electrical energy, which information is transmitted by means of of the management of the prepaid contactless card 3 and the information generated in mileage 10 regarding the consumer's energy consumption during the life of the painter and vandalism against the meter (eg interruptions, inversions, presence of deviations, etc.), a microcontroller controlled LCD display 13, which shows, among other things, the information on the available balance previously paid by the user, when the amount of prepaid kilowatt hours was transferred from the contactless card 15, and special information indicating that the user must place the card near the meter to start the transfer. of prepaid kilowatt hours, and an independent supply source 12 for the measuring module 10 and the microcontroller 11 on the energy measurement card 9. The energy source works when there is an electrical supply and it works for at least one second after a supply failure occurs, which is time enough to permanently store the information regarding any energy transaction.
    The control of prepaid contactless cards and for disconnecting the power supply 3 is the main module for detecting and validating a prepaid card 15 as well as for controlling the prepayment system and the energy supply to the meter. In a preferred embodiment, the control of the contactless prepayment and the energy interrupt card 3 comprises write element for contactless intelligent cards 8 which also has a radio frequency generator, a microcontroller 7, a zero-pass detector on the AC voltage supply 6, a control of the supply switching element 5 and a supply source 4 for this control card 3. The control of prepaid contactless cards and the disconnection of the entire power supply the time after contactless prepay card 15, as it will waste too much energy for a function that rarely occurs, so the search for prepaid cards 15 occurs only a few seconds every minute.
    The contactless prepaid card read / write element of the present invention first provides, by means of the microcontroller 7, the information about the prepaid intelligent card 15 to a microcontroller 11 of the electronic meter 18. Thereafter, the contactless card read / write element 8 provides the information of the microcontroller 11 of the meter 18 to the smart card 15 through this microcontroller 7. The communication of information between the 12 contactless smart card 15 and the electronic meter 18 takes place through a circuit antenna and an antenna in the contactless prepaid card (between the meter 14 and The prepaid card 17 which is sensitive to the radio frequency band being transmitted with. The read / write element of the card 8 is preferably an integrated circuit which detects the presence of contactless prepaid cards, interprets the commands of the contactless prepaid card, gene erases and transmits radio frequency effect commands. This antenna 14 also captures changes in the power the radio frequency commands are transmitted, which is the radio frequency transmission protocol specified in ISO standard 14443-3A and that specified by standard ISO 14443-4A or any other radio frequency transmission for data protocols appropriate for such purpose.
    The contactless card read / write element 8 generates and transmits radio frequency power commands through the antenna 14 to the meter 18. A change in radio frequency power perceived by the antenna is caused by the presence of a contactless prepaid intelligent card 15. When the read / write element for contactless cards 8 detects the presence of a prepaid card 15, a prepaid amount of the contactless prepaid card 15 is read and transmitted to the microcontroller 7 after it is verified and validated by an encryption and decryption of this reader / write to contactless card 8. This means that the crypt The ring / decryption module of the read / write element of the contactless card 8 via digital signatures verifies and validates the information stored in the memory of the microcontroller or a special integrated circuit 16 on the prepaid card 15, such as e.g. the meter number, contact number, last date of card refueling, security keys, data regarding the amount of prepaid kilowatt hours, the amount of prepaid kilowatt hours to be transferred to the meter upon transfer, etc. If this information is not verified and validated, the reader will not transfer the amount or prepayment information in the card 15 for the electronic meter 18.
    Once the contactless prepayment card 15 has been verified and validated, the data regarding the prepaid amount of 13 13DK 2009 00172 U3 electrical energy supply is transferred from the contactless intelligent card to the electrical energy measurement card 9 through the prepayment control card 3, where the electric energy measurement card 9 ensures energy as the consumer uses it. Generally, the information about the amount or amount of prepaid kilowatt hours is stored in the flash memory of the microcontroller 11 in the electrical energy measurement card 9, and this microcontroller 11 is responsible for controlling the reduction of the prepaid electrical energy supply as it consumes.
    Alternatively, the relevant information about historical data from the meter that will be stored in the contactless intelligent prepaid card 15 may also be stored in the flash memory of the microcontroller 11 on the measurement card 9. Therefore, the exchange of information between the electronic meter 18 and the smart card 15 by means of the microcontroller 7 on the prepaid control card 3 and the microcontroller 11 on the measurement card through a serial interface. In other words, the microcontroller 11 is the element which stores the information in the flash memory, while the microcontroller 7 detects the presence of a card 15 and reads the data stored in the flash memory of the microcontroller 11 through a serial interface and it reads the data in the prepaid card. 15 through the reader / printer 8, thereby acting as an intermediary for transferring the information from one system to another.
    In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the prepayment system for electric energy meters by means of contactless intelligent cards comprises an automatic device for interrupting the supply of electrical energy to the user 19. Referring in particular to FIG. 2, where it is shown that the prepayment control card also includes a zero-pass detector, and a control and interrupt device 5, which handles a device 1 that interrupts / restores the power supply. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention at the microcontroller 7 of the prepayment control card 3, how much electrical energy is left for consumption as it reads this information from the electrical energy measurement card 9. The microcontroller 7 can therefore control the supply and disconnect the electrical energy to the user. 19th
    The interruption of electrical energy to the user 19 we! typically occurs when the amount of predetermined energy stored in the electrical energy measurement card 9 in the meter 18 read by the microcontroller 7 is zero. The electrical energy supply can be restored when the amount of predetermined energy stored in the electrical energy measurement card 9 read by the microcontroller 7 is greater than zero. The microcontroller 7 on the prepaid card 3 will constantly read the remaining amount of predetermined electrical energy from the energy measurement card 9.
    The interruption or re-establishment of the power supply is provided by a device 5 for controlling supply interruption and an error alarm, where the supply interruption / restoration device 1 in a preferred embodiment may be a relay. The energy supply can be interrupted by the relay and fault alarm control 5, which control unit 5 functions for opening and closing relay 1 when the microcontroller 7 requires it through a closing or opening command, whereby the control unit 5 opens or closes the relay by means of a solid state device 2. The relay and the fault energy alarm control also advises the microcontroller 7 if an error in the energy occurs. This is done by means of the zero-pass detector 6, which is aware of electrical power failures and takes the necessary precautions so that no information is lost in the event of a failure in the electrical supply. All these devices are provided by the electrical voltage source 4.
    When the microcontroller 7 reads that the available amount of prepaid energy stored in the electrical energy measurement card corresponds to zero, this microcontroller 7 will send a disconnect command to the relay fault energy control 5. The relay and fault energy control 5 comprise a microcontroller (not shown) which has three input gates and two output gates. One of this microcontroller's input ports is used to indicate that the relay must disconnect the power supply. Another input port on the microcontroller is used to indicate that the relay must open for the supply of electrical energy, while the last input port on the microcontroller is used to indicate zero throughput on the AC line (ie grounding of the circuit or zero volts). The zero throughput also indicates the polarity as it has crossed into the AC supply. In other words, this last gate indicates the moment when the phase has become positive in relation to neutral 15 15DK 2009 00172 U3 (ie ground for prepay module card 3) and vice versa (the phase has become negative in relation to neutral). This function is provided by the zero energy electrical detector 6 (this is a level detection circuit with a hysteresis performed with an operational amplifier and a voltage divider), the zero through is used for two purposes: the first is when the microcontroller (not shown) for controlling the fault current relay 5 notes that there are no zero passes and that the supply of electrical energy has thus been interrupted, causing a failure to supply electric energy for the control of the prepaid contactless card and for the disconnection of the electrical supply 3. At that moment the control sends a command to the microcontroller 7 to indicate that it must store all necessary information so as not to lose the transaction data. The second purpose is to open and close the relay 1. To close the relay, it must receive a direct current (DC) command between its activation terminals, and to be opened it must receive a direct current command but in the opposite direction. the command that closes it. So, to activate it by detecting zero passages and the polarity of the electric AC supply, one can open the relay by activating a solid state device 22 when the polarity of the phase is negative relative to neutral and close it by activating the solid state 22 when the phase is positive versus neutral. On the other hand, when the microcontroller 7 reads that the available amount of prepaid energy is greater than zero, this microcontroller 7 will send a supply command to the microcontroller that controls the relay and fault alarm, which activates the solid state device 22 to the zero-pass detector 6 during a positive wiring cycle. It is to be understood that the supply interrupt control 5 and the power failure alarm may be incorporated into a small card or as an additional function of the microcontroller 7.
    The smart card 15 can be recycled and is specific to each meter, which means it can only be used with one specific meter. The smart card comprises a microcontroller or circuit 16 for special use in contactless prepaid cards and an antenna 17. The card's personal information is stored in the microcontroller's internal storage. The intelligent card may preferably be of a size equal to ten! conventional credit cards and still meet the ISO 14443-1, 14443-2, 14443-3, 14443-4 standard, although this is not required. Similarly, the use of contactless prepaid intelligent cards in a prepayment system for supplying electrical energy to electricity meters of the present invention has three main functions: 1) transmitting prepaid kilowatt hours to the electric energy meter; 2) to receive data on consumed energy throughout the life of the meter, meter legacy such as decoupling, inversions and presence of deviations without the need to use a reader or incorporate sophisticated and expensive systems; and 3) to avoid failure and mechanical wear on the meter.
    The meter in the electrical energy prepayment system of the present invention is powered by the prepaid contactless card and power interrupt control, which detects and validates the prepaid card, controls the prepayment system and the supply of energy to the meter in accordance with the diagrams of FIG. 3 and 3A. In a particular embodiment, the microcontroller 7 controls the prepaid contactless card and the power interrupt card 3, the prepayment system of the present invention as well as the communication regarding prepayment between the meter 18, the prepaid card 15, and the energy measurement card 9 and has an independent operation over the rest of the system. microcontrollers.
    Prior to initiating the control and communication functions, the microcontroller 7 initializes serial communication ports, with which it communicates with the microcontroller 11 and configures the reader / printer to the contactless intelligent cards 8, such that it e.g. works in accordance with the ISO 14443-4A standard. When the ports are initialized and the reader / printer is configured, the microcontroller 7 reads the data stored in the electrical energy measurement card 9, such as client serial number, kilowatt hours consumed during meter life, number of switch-offs, number of inversions, deviations, and accumulated energy in the presence of variances only be read in this part of the program as it never changes). After reading the data, an internal timer is initialized in the microcontroller 7 to generate an interrupt every 70 milliseconds, so that this microcontroller 7 performs a specific task. The microcontroller 7 is then put into idle mode, which means it stops solving tasks and goes into hibernation to save energy as it is vitally important to save energy to meet standards and to avoid unnecessary financial losses to the energy supply company. . The microcontroller 7 can only come out of the inactive state in the event of a power failure or in the event of a power failure. Therefore, for controlling prepaid contactless cards and disconnecting the power supply 3, the microcontroller 7 waits for a timer interrupt, which is the state the microcontroller will be most of the time.
    Thus, if the timer generates an interrupt command (block 90), the microcontroller 7 exits the inactive state and reads the meter's balance the accumulated kilowatt hours and the number of decouplings, interruptions, deviations and inversions (block 100). In the opposite case, the microcontroller 7 returns to the inactive state to save maximum energy while waiting for a power-off command (block 80).
    As the microcontroller 7 performs reading of data stored in the energy measurement card 9 (block 100), the state of the relay is verified and changed relative to the user's prepaid balance. The microcontroller 7 verifies, based on the information obtained in block 100, that the prepaid balance is greater than zero (block 110), if the balance is greater than zero, it checks if relay 1 is open (block 120). If the result of verifying the state of relay 1 in block 120 is negative, the microcontroller 7 sends a command to the control 5 of the power interrupt device and the fault alarm which causes the relay 1 (block 130) to interrupt the electrical power supply to meter 18. After relay 1 is opened in block 130, microcontroller 7 reads the information in the display of meter 18 (block 160). However, if the result obtained in block 120 is satisfactory, this means that relay 1 is open and microcontroller 7 reads out this information on the display of meter 18 (block 160).
    In the case where the read-out balance in block 160 is greater than zero, the microcontroller 7 verifies whether relay 1 is closed (block 140).
    18 18DK 2009 00172 U3
    If the result of the verification of the relay condition in block 140 is negative, the microcontroller sends a command to the control 5 of the interrupt device and the fault alarm which will cause the relay 1 (block 150) to be energized so that the meter 18 can be supplied. After the relay closes in block 150, the microcontroller 7 reads out the status of the meter 18 display (block 160). If the result obtained in block 140 is affirmative, this means that relay 1 is closed and then the microcontroller 7 reads out this information displayed on the meter 18 display (block 160).
    Just after verifying the state of relay 1 as described in blocks 110 to 160, the microcontroller 7 verifies through the microcontroller of the energy measurement module 10 that the information is displayed on the screen of the meter (block 170). If the information on the screen shown in block 170 is "prepay", the microcontroller 7 verifies whether the radio frequency generator for read / write element 8 is enabled (block 180) and starts searching for a prepay card. If the result in block 180 is negative, a command to start generating radio frequencies (block 190) is generated, and the microcontroller 7 returns to the inactive state to save maximum energy while waiting for an interrupt command (block 80) and continue the routine described in blocks 90 to 180. In the affirmative case for block 180, radio frequency generation is active and the frequency command will be transmitted through antenna 14 to detect the presence of a contactless intelligent card 15 nearby (block 220).
    When the screen in block 170 shows "kilowatt hours, inverters, decouplings, deviations", the microcontroller 7 checks whether the broadcasting of radio frequencies (block 200) is interrupted, and in the event that no radio frequencies are broadcast, the microcontroller 7 returns to its inactive state. save maximum on the energy while waiting for an interrupt command (block 80) and then return to the routine described in blocks 90 to 180. If the result of verifying the state of the radio frequency transmission is negative, it means that radio frequencies are emitted, and the microcontroller 7 interrupts or deactivates the transmission of radio frequencies (block 210) and the microcontroller 7 19 19GB 2009 00172 U3 returns to its inactive state to save maximum power while waiting for interrupt command (block 80) and then returns to the routine described in blocks 90 to 180.
    After the microcontroller 7 reads data stored in the energy meter card 9, verified and changed the state of the relay 1 and checked the display on the meter display to enable / disable the broadcast of radio frequencies, it will continue to detect the presence of a contactless intelligent prepaid card 15 and will execute the transaction with the transfer of the prepayment.
    As previously mentioned, the microcontroller will confirm that radio frequencies are transmitted through the antenna 114 and search for card 15 (block 220) in accordance with the ISO 14443-3A standard. When the search for cards in block 220 is done, the microcontroller 7 verifies if there is an intelligent card 15 in the detection field (block 230). If there is an intelligent card in the detection field of block 230, an anti-collision (block 240) is performed to determine if there is more than one intelligent card in the detection field (in case there is more than one intelligent card 15, it will one being deselected in accordance with the ISO 14443-3A standard). If there is no intelligent card 15 in the detection field of this block 230, the microcontroller 7 returns to the inactive state to save maximum energy while waiting for an interrupt command (block 80) and then returns to the routine described in blocks 90 to 180th
    When a card is detected in the field, the system selects the card (block 250) in accordance with the radio frequency data transmission protocol (eg, specified in standard ISO 14443-3A or specified by standard ISO 14443-4A). After the card is selected in block 250, the microcontroller 7 authenticates the card using the digital signature and with the meter's serial number to transmit prepaid kilowatt hours (block 260). Then, the microcontroller verifies if the smart card belongs to the meter (block 270), if the card does not belong to the meter, the microcontroller 7 returns to its inactive state to save maximum energy while waiting for a power-off command (block 80) and turns then back to the routine described in blocks 20, 2009 2017 U3 ne 90 to 180. However, if the card belongs to the meter, it will read out the card balance (block 280). At this point, the microcontroller 7 verifies whether the prepaid intelligent card has credit (block 290), if the result at block 290 is negative, the microcontroller 7 returns to its inactive state to save maximum energy while waiting for a power-off command (block 80) and then returns to the routine described in blocks 90 to 180. If the result of the verification in block 290 is affirmative, the microcontroller will allow the transfer of the balance of the intelligent card 15 to the flash memory of the microcontroller 11 in the energy measurement card 9 using the control card for the contactless prepaid card (block 300). It may not happen that in the prepaid balance is transferred at one time, since the portion of the balance being transferred depends on a variable in the card called "Amount of prepaid kilowatt hours to be transferred at a time". After the transfer in block 300, the system reads out the remaining balance on the meter (block 310) and adds the transferred portion of the balance from the card 15 to the balance in the meter (block 320). The new prepaid balance resulting from this operation made in block 320 is sent to the flash store in the energy meter (block 330) using the microcontroller 11. Upon receipt of the new balance or while receiving, the microcontroller 11 sends the information generated in the measurement module 10 concerning the energy consumption of the user during the life of the meter and information about vandalism against the meter (eg interruptions, inversions, presence of deviations, etc.) for the intelligent card 15 (340). After the microcontroller 7 sends the information to the intelligent card 15, it returns to its inactive state to maximize the energy while waiting for an interrupt command (block 80) and then returns to the routine described in blocks 90 to 180.
    While particular embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, protection is sought for the appended claims and for modifications which may be made within the scope of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    An electrical energy prepayment and control system comprising a contactless intelligent card for an airtight and waterproof electronic meter, an electronic meter of the type which includes an electrical energy measurement card comprising a measurement module that records the electrical energy consumed by the user, a microcontroller for controlling the operation of the energy meter module, which has a flash memory for storing information generated in the meter module about the energy consumed by the user during the meter's life and meter breakdown, an LCD display to display information about the meter state, an independent power source for said energy meter module, and said microcontroller , a network including a point-of-sale terminal with a set of security modules, a server connected to a collection system using a communication interface, which collection system maintains customer billing information and information stored in the vendor's database, characterized by, the electronic electricity energy meter comprises a) a prepayment control card with a contactless intelligent prepayment card, which includes a control card i) a wireless read / write device to detect the presence of a contactless intelligent prepayment card, to interpret the commands of the contactless intelligent prepayment card and generating and transmitting radio frequency power signal, wherein the wireless read / write device for contactless intelligent cards further includes an encryption / decryption module to verify and validate the authenticity of the prepay card, and to encode the transmitted data and to verify the validity of information stored in the microcontroller. memory before being transferred to the contactless prepay card, li) a microcontroller to exchange information between the read / write device for prepay card and the microcontroller of the meter (iii) a zero-pass electrical energy detector which sends a command to the microcontroller when a fault current occurs to avoid loss of information during the failure of the electrical supply and opens or closes a power module; (iv) a control of the switching device for opening or closing this switching device by means of a stop or open command when required by the microcontroller; (v) a power source for the prepayment control card, which power source operates when there is an electric power supply and which operates at least one second when a power failure occurs, which is time enough to back up the information for all energy transactions, (b) an energy interrupt device, and (c) a signal transmission / reception device.
    [2]
    Pre-payment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the contactless card reading / writing means also includes an encryption / decryption module to verify and validate the authenticity of the prepay card, encode the transferred data and verify the validity of the information stored in the microcontroller. memory or circuitry used specifically for the contactless prepay card before being read.
    [3]
    Pre-payment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the information that verifies and validates the contactless reading / writing device can be the meter number, the contract number, the last date of reading the card, security keys, 23 23DK 2009 00172 U3 data regarding the amount of prepaid kWh and / or the amount of prepaid kWh to be transferred to the meter upon transfer.
    [4]
    Prepayment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the data for the prepaid amount of electrical energy transmitted from the contactless prepayment control card is stored in the flash memory by the microcontroller of the measuring module.
    [5]
    Prepayment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the meter's LCD display upon transfer shows the information of the energy available already paid by the user, as well as the amount of prepaid kWh on the contactless prepayment card, and shows also special information indicating that the user must place the card near the meter to begin the transfer of prepaid kWh.
    [6]
    Pre-payment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of transferred prepaid kWh on the intelligent prepaid card for the electronic meter can be a partial or complete transfer, based on a predetermined amount stored in the contactless intelligent prepaid card.
    [7]
    Pre-payment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the information transmitted from the electronic meter and stored in the contactless intelligent prepay card consists of a power factor, the quality of wires, disconnections, inversions, the presence of leads and similar actions.
    [8]
    Prepayment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal read / write means for contactless intelligent cards in the electronic meter can be activated for a few seconds to detect the presence of a contactless intelligent card in the detection field, to execute the authentication process for data transmission, and to store the energy for the energy supply company.
    [9]
    A prepayment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the information generated about the meter's condition and data regarding the energy supply and meter vandalism can be stored in the electronic meter's memory, where the information stored in the contactless intelligent card can be transferred to a database through a point of sale for DK 2009 00172 U3 24 further analysis of the energy supply requirement, each time the user adds prepaid kWh to this reusable card.
    [10]
    Prepayment and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the information obtained consists of the energy consumption throughout the life of the meter, the receivable in the meter, and meter damage such as the number of decouplings, interruptions, deviations, energy accumulated during the use of deviations and inversions. DK 2009 00172 U3 1/4 25

    FIG. 1 2/4 DK 2009 00172 U3

    FIG. 2 3/4 DK 2009 00172 U3 START


    DK 2009 00172 U3 4/4

    FIG. 3A
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK200700708A|2007-05-11|
    TR200702468T1|2007-06-21|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2015-10-09| UUP| Utility model expired|Expiry date: 20150930 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    MXPA0410077|2004-10-12|
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